Permanent waving device



Jan. 17, 1933. F. R. MARCEL A PERMANENT WAVING DEVICE Filed Sept. 3, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet l lNvENToR BY ATTORNEY /fvf I QN lw| fw mf mm Jan. 17,1933. F. R. MARCEL I PERMANENT WAVING DEVICE Filed Sept. 3, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 N`^\\\ fmfmm-mm K INVENTOR BY ATTORN Patented Jan. 17, 1933 UNITED STATES FRANQOIS R. MARCEL, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK PERMANENT WAVING DEVICE Application :tiled September 3, 1931. Serial No. 560,979.

My present invention relates to devices for producing what are known as permanent waves in the human hair, Whether in the detached form, such as'switches or transforma- 5 tions, or upon the human head. In the production of what is known as a permanent wave, it is customary to apply a chemical to the lock of hair and to Wind the hair upon a curler or pin then to enclose the lock of hair lo while Wound upon the pin, within an enclosing member or tube7 and to subject the hair to heat.

Usually moisture is supplied either directly or indirectly to the hair and it is more or l5 less vaporized during the baking process.

Whenthe hair has been subjected to the baking process while under tension on the curling pin, its shape is more or less permanently set, so that the hair remains waved or curled 29 even though subjected to shampooing, and

the wave is permanent in the sense that it remains until new hair grows out from the head and replaces the portion I which has been waved.

In most, if not all, of the previous processes it has been customary to carry on the heating operation to a point where all of the moisture or vapor has been driven out of the device because the wave could not be made 39 permanent unless the operation were carried on to a point where the hair becomes dry.

This has its disadvantages because, for one thing, if the operator keeps the heat on for an appreciable time after the moisture has been driven out` of the device, the hair is apt to be scorched or burned and in that way permanently injured.

As the conditions Within the apparatus are not visible without removing the hair from 40 the tube, very often it has been the case in previous devices that the hair was scorched orburned. It is to be noted that the operators are generally conducting the operation simultaneously with a number of waving devices distributed about the head, although they can not ordinarily be all started at the same moment. and each having the same amount ot moisture. The hair in one heater will, therefore, be dried at a differentmoment to another, so that the operator has diiiiculty in carrying the heating process to the extent of driving oii' all the moisture and stopping it before the hair has been injured.

One object of my present invention is to provide a device wherein steam is generated by means of an electric heater applied to the exterior of the device which is not, per se, new in the present case, but I. have provided a device wherein the steam may be heated to a high degree to form what might be called more or less dry steam. The steam may be heated to such a degree as to cause the hair to be set in a permanent wave without dissipating the steam from the device and without carrying the baking 'operation to a point where the hair becomes dry. In other words, the baking operation may be continued to completion and the tube may still contain most or even all of the steam employed during the operation, the steam being released when the tube is removed from the hair. There is, of course, a small vent to prevent the formation of excessive pressure within the tube, but the main body of the steam is not driven off necessarily during the baking operation.

In the present device it is possible to prevent any liquid from touching the hair, allowing moisture only in the vapor state to reach the hair. It is also possible to prevent the vapor once generated, from condensing into liquid until the process has been completed.

Another object is to provide a. device having a moisture carrying member or pad arranged near the closed end of the inner tube of the'heater so that as the moisture is vaporized it will travel down through the hair and the latter will be subjected to substantially uniform vapor treatment. Heretofore, the moisture carrying member has been applied around the hair, whereas in the present device it is placed near the closed end of the inner tube and the expanding steam passes all around the whole lock of hair which is on the curling pin.

Another object ot the invention is to provide a tubular waving device, together with an electric heating element fitting over the tubular member and adapted to be placed in different positions on the tubular device'in order that the operation may be/ started with the electric heater in one position and then after steam starts to generate within the device the heater may be shifted to a position where it will surround thfe moisture carrying member and where it will tend to force the steam to travel toward the end ofthe device which is nearest the head, and also tend to retain the moisture within the device rather than drive it rapidly out of it.

Another object is to provide a device which will drive the steam or vapor to the end of the device nearest the head in order to affect all parts of the lock pf hair which is within the device, and at the same time prevent the steam or vapor from passing out of the tube near the head and striking the scalp. Thus the device avoids injuring the scalp.

Another object is to provide a suitable insulated lining within the heating tube in order that the lock of hair shall not come into direct contact with the tube. j

Another object of the invention is tcprovide suitable clips or discs for engaging the lock of hair and for engaging the curling pi-n for the purpose of preventing the moisture or het vapor from passing to the scalp and also for the purpose of holding the curling pin centralized within the heating tube. The latter factor causes the curling pin and the hair wound upon it to be kept out of contact with the heating tube so that the vapors within the same may affect all portions of the lock of hair.

Another object of the invention is to provide a simple device made of rubber and connected with the heating tube near the head end for closing upon the lock of hair and preventing the hot vapors from passing onto the scalp.

Another 'object of the invention is to pro vide a device having the. above characteristics and which will permit the operator to produce what is known as a. Groquignole wave, as distinguished from a spiral wave, if desired. All of the above advantages are obtainable whether a spiral wave is to be produced or a Croquignole wave7 and I have illustrated both forms of the invention.

Another object is to provide an efficient pad for clamping and holding the lock of hair where it enters the heating tube. Other advantages will be set forth in the following description of my invention.

In the drawings forming part of this application,

Figure l is an elevation of a device embodying my invention in one form, the heater being shown in full lines in the first or starting position and being shown in dotted lines in the second or finishing position,

Figure 2 is a longitiulinal sectional view taken on the line 2 2 of Figure l, in which view the electric heater is omitted,

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3 8 of Figure l,

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the two parts of one of the pads detached to show the construction,

Figure 5 is a perspective view of a portion of the inner member of the heating tube,

Figure 6 is a sectional view taken on the line 6 6 of Figure 2,

Figure 7 is an elevation of my device as employed for making a Croquignole wave,

Figure 8 is a sectional view taken on the line 8 8 of Figure 7,

Fi'ure 9 is an elevation of a clamping device fior clamping the rubber connecting piece around the lock of hair where it enters the heating device,

Figure 10 is a sectional view taken on the line 1G 10 of Figure 8,

Figure l1 is a detailed sectional view of a modified form of connecting member adapted dfor use in the device shown in Figure 7, an

Figure l2 is a sectional view taken on the line 12 12 lof Figure 11.

I will first describe the form of the invention shown in Figures l to 6 inclusive. The heating device wherein the hair is heated or baked consists primarily of an inner tube l disposed lengthwise within an outer tube 2, and in order to retain these tubes in spaced, concentric relation I have shown embossings or projections 3 stamped from the inner tube so that they engage the interior of the outertube 2 and retain the two tubes spaced apart with an annular space 4 between them.

In order to mount the tubes in fixed relation and close them at one end, I have provided a head .5 which may be cast or turned from metal or other suitable material. This member, shown at the right in Figure 2, has a tubular portion provided with a central bore 6 which may be closed by means of a removable plug 7. This bore communicates through a lateral opening 8 in the member 5 with the annular space 4 between the two tubes, so that air or steam and air within the annular space may pass off through the bores 8, 6 when the plug 7 is removed. There is a small aperture 9 in the member 5 communieating at one end with the annular space 4 and with the outer air, this aperture being of smaller diameter than the bore 6 and it is adapted to serve as a safety vent to prevent generation of excessive pressure within the device when the plug 7 is seated in the bore 6. The member 5 has a lateral projection or flange l0, preferably of circular form, and around its periphery there is formed a groove 1l. One end of the inner tube l is passed over the flange l0 and it is then spun down so that it is pressed into the groove ll of the flange l0 and the extreme end of the tube is spun down one side of the flange as shown at i2 in Figure 2., This hires one end of the tube 1 on the fiange 10 and the latter is of such diameter as to conform substantially with the interior or bore of the tube 1. There is a second flange13 on the outer end of the member 5.and this also has a peripheral groove 14. One end of the outer tube 2 is placed over the flange 13 and the tube is spun down so that it presses into the peripherall groove 14 as shown, and the end of the tube is spun down around the edge of the fiange 13.' Thus, the inner and outer tubes are connected with the member 5 so that vapors cannot pass except through the bores 8, 6 or the aperture 9 previously described.

It may be noted that there is a stop member in the form of a bracket 15 which is pivotall connected by the screw 16 with the mem er 5 so that it may be swung within the periphery of the outer tube 2 or, as shown inigures 1 and 2 it may be swung beyond the periphery for the purpose of acting as a stop for the electric heater in one position, as will be hereinafter set forth.

The outer tube 2 is shown as provided with a bead 17 adjacent the left hand end in Figv ures 1 and 2 4to act as a stop for a connecting member 18. Spaced from this bead there is another bead 19 which acts as a stop to limit the movement of the electrical heating devicey 20 which fits over the outer tube 2 and is slidable thereon between the full line and dotted line positions shown in Figure 1, as well as being bodily removable from the waving device.

Within the inner tube 1, I have shown a sleeve 21 which is forcedtherein and remains in position by friction; and this sleeve is of non-metallic material such as fibre, in order to prevent the lock of hair from coming into contact with the metal tube of the heating device. At the right hand end in Figures 1 and 2 of the heating device, to wit, at the closed end of the inner tube 1, I have sh own a device for holding the liquid to be used in the waving process. This is shown as a cone-shaped metallic member 22 open at both ends and provided with a number of apertures 23 disposed over the same for the purpose of permitting moisture and vapors to pass therethrough. Surrounding this metallic member there is a body 24 of absorbent or water-holding material which will stand the heat without burning or charring and preferably sheet asbestos vis used for this purpose. The conical member 22 is disposed within the tube 1 with its larger end directed toward the curling pin and it may be held in place by frictional engagement with the tube 1.

The interior bore or opening of the conical member is sufliciently large to admit one end of the curling pin and the lock of hair where a long curling pin is used.

At the left hand end of the device, as shown in Figures 1 and` 2, there is a connecting member 18 previously referred to, which fits over the open end of the outer tube 2 by a y tight sliding t, and it is limited in its position by the bead 17 -so that one end of the connecting member 18 extends to the left in Figure 2 beyond both the inner and outer tubes. It may be noted that the inner tube 1 extends beyond the end of the outer tube 2 to the left in Figure 2. The connecting member 18 has an end wall 25 projecting inwardly or toward the axis of the heating device, and this wall has an aperture 26 to admit the curling pin and the hair wound upon it.

Any of the ordinary curling pins may be used for winding the hair in the form of a spiral or otherwise for the purpose of putting the lock of hair under tension. In the drawings I have shown a curling pin 27 of common form, and I have shown a lock of hair 28 coming from the head 29 and wound spirally around the curling pin. In the drawings the turns of the coil of hair are shown widely spaced, although in practice the coils are often placed close together and manipulated in various ways to get different forms of waves. The hair is Xed by means of a string or other device tied aro-und the pin and hair at each end of the pin but as this is all in accordance with common practice it is not necessary to show all details thereof in the present case.

In order to prevent hot vapors and steam from passing from the `interior of the heating device onto the scalp of the person whose hair is being waved, I provide a novel end device as follows:

There is a member 30 formed of pliable material, preferably flexible rubber, and it has a flange portion 31 with abead on its edge which flange portion fits snugly over the flange 32 on the end of the connecting 'member 18 to form a vapor-tight connection with this member. There, is another liange portion 33 on the rubber member 30 and this is connected by stitching or cementing with a disk device as shown in Figure 4. This disk device is composed of tw'o members shown as circular, although the shape may be varied. One member consists of two halves 34 of relatively stiff material, such as sheet fibre, the two pieces combined being substantially circular, but disconnected along the diametrical line 35. lNear the center of the member there is a larger opening 36 formed of sufficient size to admit the curler and the hair wound upon it. The other member 37 is of softer material and absorbc actly like the pad shown in between the tWo sections 34 of the stiiier member. Both of these members are connected together and are connected to the llange portion 33 of the rubber member.

Preferably, the pad 37 and the stiffening members 34 are connected to each other by stitches passing through the apertures 39 and through the pad member 37. rl`he flange 33 may be connected with the stiiening members 34 by cementing, stitching or any other getween the two flange members 3l, 33 of the rubber connecting piece, the latter is reduced in diameter to form a neck portion 40 lying centrally of the axis of the heating device.

In order to provide the capacity for this neck portion to expand to admit the curler and hair, and in order to permit the neck portion to be contracted to engage snugly around the lock of hair adjacent one end of the curler, I provide a number of tangential creases or folds 41 in the rubber connecting member.

There is a string or similar member 42 connected permanently at one end with the stiifening member 34, and there is a slotted member 43 with which the 'free end o the string is adapted to be engaged 'for holding the string after it has been tightened around the neck of the rubber member, as show in Figure 1o to employ another shown in ii ure 4,

U i end of the eonnectms meines Y a Figure 2.

This member i ply to the one placed the entr' necting member 13. The flange rubber connecting member engages and encloses this second pad member c The electric heater 20 shown in Figure 1 is of the tubular type commonly used in the art, and it consists of an annular shell 45 having the usual heating coil therein, but the same is not shown in detail as it is Well understood in the art.. This heater is adapted to be slid over the outer tube 2 to the full line position in Figure 1 Where it stops against the bead 19. lt is also adapted to be slid backwardly to the dotted line position in this ligure `Where it rests against the stop member 15.

@parution The operation of the device thus 'far described may be as follows, although the steps are not necessarily carried out in the sequence here set orth: y

The yheating device is all assembled, as, shown in Figures 1 and 2 except that the heater may not be applied until the baking operation is to commence. yllhe tubes 1, 2 are permanently mounted in relation to each other, the connecting member 18 is placed onto the outer tube 2 and the rubber member 30, together with the first and second pads are all mounted on the connecting member 'ing member or pad 24 and this may be done by dropping moisture into the inner tube or by removing the conical member and dipping it into Water or other liquid, and then returning it to the inner tube. Assuming the device to be in the condition shown in Figures l and 2, the operator Will proceed to comb out a lock of hair from the head and then Wind the lock of hair around the curling pin, pulling the hair tight to create the necessary tension. This will be done while the curling pin is removed from the heating device. When the hair has been Wound upon the pin, it is secured thereto, such as by tie strings, at both ends of the pin. Thepin and the lock of hair are then inserted rst thro-ugh the pad member 37, and its stiff backing members 34; thence through the neck 40 oi the rubber connecting member; thence through the second pad 44 and its backing member; and thence upwardly through the lining sleeve 21 and the free end of the pin may 'projectmcr'e or less into the conical member if it a lo pin.

ln order to facilitate the passage or the pin through the pads, the backing members 34 may be bent back with he fingers to press l i pad member t outwardly on the middle of tA L and this will cause the slo of tue pad meml er to open up and admit th curling pin therethrough.

Ey reason of the stiffening members 34 being made in two parts so that they can be bent back, the soit pad may be manipulated, especially Where the slot 35 between the stifi'ening members extends at right angles to the slot 38 to facilitate the passage of the curling pin through lthe pad,A The curling pin Will be pressed in until it passes the neck 40 of the rubber connecting member and one end of the pin will remain engaged with the second pad member 44 so that this end of the pin is held in the axis of the heating device so that the hair Will not rest against any part of the heating device; in other Words, so that Vapor may permeate all parts of the lock of hair Whichlies Within the heating' device. After the pin and hair have been introduced into the heating device, the operator Will wind the cord 42 several times around the neck 40 of the rubber member and then 'fasten the Afree end of the cord in the clip 43. lWhen the cord is Wound around the neck of the rubber member it Will `press this member snugly around the lock of hair behind the end of the curling pin to seal this as far as possible against the passage of vapor backwardly. through the rubber member and onto the scalp.

If desired, the plug 7 may be placed in the bore 6 to limit the emission of steam or vapor from the heating device to that which can pass through the small hole 9. In some cases or some periods of the operation it may be desirable to remove this plug in order to permit the air or vapors to pass more freely out of the end of the heating device.

Assuming that the device has been arranged as just described, with the lock of' hair and curler within the heater, and With the rubber member clamped tightly around the lock of hair at the end of the pin, the absorbent pad 37 Will lie close to or against the head.

The electric heater 20 is now passed over the end of the outer tube 2 until it rests against the 'bead 19`and the stop member 15 may be swung out into position to prevent the electric heater from sliding oil' the heating device. Electric current may now be turned on to generate heat in the electric heating device while the latter is in the full line position in Figure l in the beginning of the baking process. The heat generated by the electric heater will heat the air in the annular space 4 between the inner and outer tubes 1 and 2 and the air Within the tubular member l adjacent the lock of hair Will also be more or less heated during this first stage of the operation. When the air Within the device has been heated up to a point Where moisture in the holder is about to be vaporized, the electric heater is preferably shifted to the dotted line position in Figure l to rest against the stop member l5. The electric heater will now be in a position Where it will surround the moisture pad 24 and it will remain there a period of time so. that the heat will convert the liquid in the pad 24 into steam. This steam will pass along the device and come into Contact With all portions of the lock of hair on the curler to a point as far as the neck lil-of the rubber member, but it will not pass through the latter onto the scalp. This heating operation Will be continued over suiiicient time to cause the heated vapors to heat the hair te a degree Where the Wave will be permanently set in the hair. It might be pointed out that it is customary to apply a Waving solution 'to the hair before it is placed in the heating device in order to eect the permanent Waving of the hair. Most or all of the liquid in the pad 2d Will be vaporized. s the lock of hair is suspended out of contact with the tubular heater vapor can reach all parts of the hair.

As the hair is maintained out of contact with the metal parts of the heater it cannot be injuriously affected by Contact With metal. In other Words, itis subject only to the action of the hot steam and such solution as may have been applied to the hairj The steam,

ing the electric heater in the full line position in Figure 1 during the initial stage of the operation, that the air Within the device is heated and that when the electric heater is changed to the dotted line position in Figure l, so that it surrounds the liquid holding pad 24, that the vapor or steam is generated Within the device and that it holds there and does not pass rapidly out through the hole \9 nor the hole 6'if the latter is open. In fact, I nd that the entire operation may be carried on to a point Where the Wave is permanently setin the hair Without completely dissipating nor exuding the vapors and reducing the hair tothe dry state as has heretofore been the practice. As a matter of fact the operation may be carried to a point Where the hair is permanently waved While the spaces Within the heater are full of vapor or steam. This steam is not necessarily dissi7 pated from the device until the curler With the lock of hair has been Withdrawn from the heater.

Heretofore it has been considered necessary to the formation of a permanent Wave to carry the heating operation to a point Where all of the moisture is driven out of the device, but in that case it is necessary to stop the heating action when that point has been reached because to go beyond it the hair might be injured by the heat after the elimination of the moisture. In contradistinction to that idea, it is possible with the present device to conclude the operation While some or even most of the steam remains inside the hea-ter, so that the danger of carrying the process to a point Where the hair might be injured is entirely eliminated. It is a decided advantage to have the moisture carrying pad arranged at the closed end of the inner tube, so that the moist vapors are compelled to travel over all portions of the lock of hair. `When the baking or heating operation has been completed, the string 42 is released and the curler with the hair Wound upon it arey Withdrawn endivise from the left hand end of the device in Figure 2. The lock of hair may be combed out and the operator may proceed t'o curl another lock of hair in the same manner as above described.

In Figures 7 to 11, have shown a modification of the invention for adapting it to What is known as the Croquignole Wave or ringlet. In this form of the device there is an inner tube 45 and an outer tube 46 corresponding within the headY at one end oil' the tube. There is a connecting member 48 preferably ci in sulatingi-niaterial such as nbre and it has a' tubular portion' fitting over one end Vot the outer tube 46. llhis member ilares outwardly into a head 49 which is elongated or oval in section, as shown in Figure 10, and it has a projecting lip 5G aroundrits open end or the end whichis furthest from the tube 46o rIhere is a flexible rubber connecting member 5l shown in Figures 7, 8 and 10 and this has a flange 52 to be fitted over the bead 52 of thev head 49 to secure these members together, rPhe rubber member has also an enlargedY end or flange 53 whiclris secured around its edge to apad member 54 corresponding with the pad'member shown in Figure 4, Yexcept that it is longer'in one'dimension than the other to conform more nearly with the lock of hair and with the shape of the headl 49. The intermediate or neck portion 55 of this rubber connecting member is adapted to be clamped upon the portion of' the lock of hair which passes'through it, by means of a clamp shown in Figure 9. This consists of two jaws 56 pivoted to Yeach other at 57 and provided with openingjaws 58 to permit the device to be passed over the neck portion 55 of the rubber member; and a locking member 59 engages in the notch 60 and serves to hold the jaws closed upon the rubber neck. In the formation of the Croquignole wave a pin 61 such as that shown in Figures 8 and 10 is employed and the same is of the well known construction.

It consists of-a. pin 61 usually reduced in diameter near its middle and provided with a pivoted arm 62 adapted to be closed against the end of the lock of hair when the same is applied to the middle of the pin. Starting by applying therfree end of the hair to the middle of the pin and clamping it with the member G2 the pin is revolved so that the hair winds around the pin and around itself in a e011. Y

In using this form of the device a lock of hair is combed out from the head and usually a larger or wider spreadof hair is combed out than where the apparatus shown in Figures 1 to 6 is used. A iter the lock of hair has been combed out from the head the free end is passed through the pia d 54 and through the rubber connecting member 5l these parts beingr detached from the head 49 and the assenze clamping member shown in Figure 9 being at that time detachedLu The curling pin is wound on the portion of the lock o'l hair which passes through the rubber connecting member 5l.

und when the hair has thus been wound the curling pin Yand hair ere inserted into the oblong chamber G3 ort the head andthe Harige 50 the rubber connecting member is fitted over the bead 52 so that the sott rubber meniber irs-connected 'to the head 49 ildlithin the inner tube 45 at ldie end farthest from the head 49 there will be a mois ,ure carrying device like that shown in Figure The electric heater 64 will be placed over the outer tube 4G until it rests against the bead 47, The current may now be turned on so that 'the electric heater will generate heat. The

VVair in the concentric spacebetween the tubesY will first be heated and gradually the liquidV in the pad will be heated to a point where it is vaporized. This vapor Will'pass from the I r: o

inner tube into the chamber 63 in the head and circulate around the lock of hair which is on the curling pin. n

It will be understood that any solution may be applied to the hair to facilitate the setting of the wave as in other processes. When the heating operation has been carried on to a point where the wave has been permanently set in the hair the electric heater may be removed and the parts disassembled in the reverse order to that' described; that is to say, the rubber member 51 may be detached from the head 49 and the clamp 56 may be removed from the neck of the rubber connecting member. The curling pin may be removed and the hair unwound, and then the lock of hair may be drawn through the rubber member to complete the detachment of the device. In this device the moisture is va- Ving between the head and the scalp. This connecting member 65 is shown with a thin Wall flange 66 Jfor engaging over the flange of the member 50; and with the flange 67 to receive the pad 68 Within it. The neck portion of this connecting member, however, has a thickel` wall as shown in Figures 11 and l2, in which an oval shaped opening 69 is formed for the passage of the lock of hair. round this neck portion is attached a spring clamp, as shown in Figure 12.V This is in the form of a spring surrounding the neck and having loops 7 0 pressing against one side of the neck 71 and other loops 72 pressing against the opposite side of the neck and atV points staggered in relation to the loops 70. The ends of Vthis spring shownl at 7 1 are brought out nearly parallel to each other and there is a locking member 72 pivoted to one of these -ber 7l."

When the lock of hair is passed through theaperture 69 and the spring is applied to the neck, the loops 70, 72 of the spring pressing on opposite sides against the neck but at different vertical planes, will compress the neck snugly against the lock of hair and Jform a close fitting relation between the neck and the hair to prevent vapors from passing from the head 49 through the connecting member and onto the head of the person. As set forth above, the device shown in Figures 7 to l2 is used for the type of wave known as Croquignole, whereas the device shown in Figures l td 6 is used where the spiral wave is to be made. p

Having described my invention, what I claim is:

1. A device for waving hair, including inner and outer tubes and means for holding them in spaced relation to provide an annular chamber between the tubes, the inner tube having the end which is disposed away from the head closed, and its opposite end in open communication with said annular space and a heating device adapted to be placed on said outer tube for the purpose of supplying heat to said device, said waving device being adapted to receive therein a lock of hair whereby it will be subjected to the heating action of said exterior heating device.

2. A device for waving hair, including inner and outer tubes, and means Jfor holding them in spaced relation to provide an annular -chamber between the tubes, the inner tube having the end which is disposed away from the head closed, and its opposite end in open communication with said annular space, means in said inner tube for holding liquid subject to vaporizaticn, and an electric heating device adapted to be placed on said outer tube for the purpose of supplying heat to said device, said waving device being adapted to receive therein a` lock of hair whereby it will be subjected to the heating action of said exterior heating device.

3. A device for waving hair, including inned and outer tubes, and means for holding them in spaced relation to provide an annular chamber between the tubes, the inner tube having the end which is disposed away from the head closed, and its opposite end in open communication with said annular space, means in said inner tube for holding liquid subject to vaporization, and an electric heating device adapted to be placed on said outer tube for the purpose of supplying heat to said device, said waving device being adapted to receive therein a lock of hair within said inner tube, whereby it will be subjected to the heating action of said exterior vheating device.

4. A device for waving hair, including' inner and outer tubes and means for holding them in spaced relation to provide an annular chamber between the tubes, the inner tube having the end which is disposed away from the head closed, and its opposite end in open communication with said annular space, an electric heating device adapted to be placed on said outer tube for the purpose of supplying heat to said device, means for holding liquid subject to vaporization, said means being disposed in said inner tube adjacent its closed end, said waving device kbeing adapted to receive therein a lock of hairl whereby it will be subjected to the heating action of said exterior heating device, and the vapors generated by the vaporization of the liquid in said liquid holding means.

5. A device for waving hair including inner and outer tubes and means for holding them in spaced relation to provide an annular chamber between the tubes, the inner tube having the end which is disposed away from the head closed, and its opposite end in open communication with said annular space, an electric heating device adapted to be placed on said outer tube for the purpose of supplying heat to said device, said device being adapted to receive a lock of hair wound on a curler within said inner tube, a liquidholding pad disposed in said inner tube adjacent its closed end whereby the liquid when vaporized will pass around all portions of the lock of hair within said inner tube.

6. A device for waving hair including inner and outer tubes and means for holding them in spaced relation to provide an annular chamber between the tubes, the inner tube having the end which is disposed away from the head closed, and its opposite end in open communication with said annular space, an

electric heating device adapted to be placed on said outer tube for the purpose of supplying heat to said device, a hollow member disposed in said inner tube adjacent the closed end and including means for holding liquid, said inner tube being adapted to receive therein a curler with a lock of hair wound thereon with all or a substantial portion of said curler disposed between said liquid holding means and the open end of said inner tube.

7. A device for waving hair including inner and outer metallic tubes, and means for holding them in spaced relation to provide an annu'ar chamber between the tubes, the iner tube having the end which is disposed away from the head closed, a non-metallic sleeve forming a lining member for the interior of said inner tube, an electric heating device adapted to be placed on said outer tube for the purpose of supplying heat to said device, said inner tube being adapt-ed to receive therein a curler with a lock of hair wound thereon.

ics

8. A device for waving hair including inner and outer metallic tubes, and means for holding them in spaced relation to provide an annular chamber between the tubes, the inner tube having the end which is disposed away from the head closed, a non-metallic sleeve forming a lining member for the in-C terior of said inner tube, an electric heating device adapted to be placed on said outer tube for the purpose of supplying heat to said device, said inner tube being adapted to receive therein a curler with a lock of hair wound thereon, and means for suspending the curler within said inner tube out of contact with the interior of said inner tube.

9. A device for waving hair including inner and outer tubes, and means :for holding them in spaced relation to provide an annular chamber between the tubes, the inner tube having the end which is disposed away from the head closed, and its opposite end in open communication with said -annular space, said inner tube being adapted to receive therein -a curler with a lock of hair wound thereon,

an electric heating,r device adapted to be placed `on said outer tube for the purpose of supplying heat to said device, said electric heating device being adapted to be shifted along said outer tube whereby the maximum heat may be supplied to said waving device at diierent positions in the length thereof.

10. A device for waving hair, including inner and outer tubes, and means for holding them in spaced relation to provide an annular chamber between the tubes, the inner tube having the end which is disposed away from the head closed, and its opposite Y,end in open communication with said annular space, and means for holding liquid subject to evaporation and disposed in said inner tube adjacent the closed end thereof, an electric heating device adapted to be placed on said outer tube and adapted to be moved along said tube so that said heating device may be arranged opposite some point between said moisture holding means and the open end of said inner tube and shifted to a position directly surrounding said moisture holding means, said inner tube being adapted to receive therein a curler with a loch of hair wound thereon;

1l. A device for waving hair, including inner and outer tubes, and means for holding them in spaced relation to provide an annular chamber between the tubes, the inner tube having the end which is disposed away 'from the head closed, and its opposite end in open communication with said annular space, and means for holding liquid subject to evaporation and disposed in said inner tube adjacent the closed end thereof, an electric heating device adapted to be placed on said outer A tube and adapted to be moved along said tube so that said heating device may be arranged opposite some point between said moisture holding means and the open end of said inner tube and shifted to a position directly surrounding said moisture holding means, said inner tube being adapted to receive therein a curler with a lock of hair wound thereon, and stop members for engaging said electric heating device in its several positions of adjustment on said outer tube.

l2. A device for waving hair including inner and outer tubes and means for holding them in spaced relation to provide an annular chamber between the tubes, the inner tube having the end which is disposed away from the head closed, and its opposite end in open communication with said annular space, said device being adapted to receive therein a lock of hair whereby it will be subjected to hot vapors within said device, a heating device adapted to be placed on said outer tube for the purpose of supplying heat to said device, and means adjacent the end of said device which is away from the head, forming a vent for the vapors in said lannular space.

13. A device for waving hair including inner and outer tubes and means for holding them in spaced relation to provide an annular chamber between the tubes, theinner tube having the end which is disposed away from lthe head closed, and its opposite end in open communication with said annular space, said device being vadapted 'to receive 'therein a loch of hair whereby it will be subjected to het vapors within said device, a ng device adapted to be placed on sai l for the purpose of supplying l device, and means adjacenJ t end ef said device which away from head, :ming vent 'for the vapors in said annular space, and detachable means 'for closing said ventw A device 'for waving hair including inner and cuter tubes, and means for holding them in spaced relation to provide an annular chamber between the tubes, said means including a plug having spaced flanges of relatively different diameters provided with circumferential grooves, the end of said inner tube being pressed into .the groove of one of said lianges, and the end of the outer tube being pressed into the groove oitl the other flange, the inner tube having the end which is disposed away from the head closed and its opposite end in-open communication with said annular space, and a heating device adapted yto be placed on said outer tube for the purpose of supplying heat to said device, said waving device being adapted to receive therein a loch of hair whereby it will be subjected to the heating action of said exterior heating device.

l5. A device fer waving hair including inner and outer tubes, means 'for holding them in spaced relation to provide an annular chamber between the tubes, the inner tube having the end which isdisposed away from the head closed, and its opposite end projecting beyond the end of said outer tube and in open communication with said annular space, said waving device being adapted to receive therein a lock of hair and a heating device adapted to be placed on said outer tube for the purpose of supplying heat to said device.

16. A device for waving hair including inner and outer tubes, and means for holding them in spaced relation to provide an annular chamber between the tubes, the inner tube having the end which is disposed away from the head closed, and its opposite end projecting beyond the end of said outer tube and in open communication with said annular space, a heating device adapted to be placed on said outer tube for the purpose of supplyin heat to said device, a connecting member tting the end of said waving device and made of heat insulating material, and a member for closing the waving device adjacent the head end, including a pliable rubber member adapted to iit onto said connecting member, and having a contracted neck portion adapted to be compressed, said waving device being adapted to receive a lock of hair therein so that said pliable member may be clamped closely around the lock of hair adjacent the head.

17. A device for waving hair consisting of a tubular body adapted to receive a lock of hair therein, a connecting member connected with one end of said tubular body and made of heat insulating material and provided with. a ange, a pliable rubber member having a portion adapted to be slippped over the flange of said connecting member and havingva contracted neck portion, said tubular body being adapted to receive a lock of hair therein so that said neck portion of said rubber member may be secured closely around the lock of hair to prevent the escape of vapors from the heating device toward the head, and means for applying heat to said waving device.

18. A device for waving hair includinga hollow body adapted to receive a lock of hair therein, aconnecting member of heat insulating material on one end of said device, a flexible rubber member having means for detachably securing it to said connecting member, an absorbent pad attached to one end of said ruber member to lie adjacent the head, said rubber member having a con- .racted neck portion between the pad and said Connecting member, adapted to be clamped closely around the lock of hair to prevent the escape of vapors from said device onto the head.

19. A device for waving hair including a heating device adapted to receive a lock of hair therein, an end member for said device composed of pliable rubber having mea-ns for attaching the same to said heating de- 65 vice, said rubber member having a contracted neck portion to be clamped closely around a lock of hair extending into said device, said rubber member having tangentially disposed folds to permit expansion or contraction of said neck portion.

20. The combination of a container for holding a lock of hair wound on a curler and means for closing one end of said container adjacent the head, comprising a member made of pliable rubber and having an enlarged portion at one end adapted to be fitted onto said container, a second enlarged portion having a pad attached thereto to lie adjacent the scalp and a restricted neck portion between said enlarged portions adapted to be clamped around the lock of hair which enters said chamber. Y

21. The combination of a container for holding a lock of hair Wound on a curler and means for closing one end of said container adjacent the head, comprising a member made of pliable rubber and having an enlarged portion at one end adapted to be fitted onto said container, a second enlarged portion having a pad attached thereto to lie adjacent the scalp and a restricted portion between said enlarged portions adapted to be clamped around the lock of hair which enters said chamber, said closing member having radial folds to facilitate the expansion and contraction of said restricted neck portion. 1

Signed at the city, county and State of New York, this 28th day of August 1931.

FRANQOIS R. MARCEL. 

